![]() His advocacy of Spiritualism and his belief in a non-material origin for the higher mental faculties of humans strained his relationship with the scientific establishment, especially with other early proponents of evolution. Wallace was strongly attracted to unconventional ideas. These included the concept of warning colouration in animals, and the Wallace effect, a hypothesis on how natural selection could contribute to speciation by encouraging the development of barriers against hybridization. Wallace was one of the leading evolutionary thinkers of the 19th century and made a number of other contributions to the development of evolutionary theory besides being co-discoverer of natural selection. He was considered the 19th century's leading expert on the geographical distribution of animal species and is sometimes called the "father of biogeography". Wallace did extensive fieldwork, first in the Amazon River basin and then in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the Wallace Line that divides Indonesia into two distinct parts, one in which animals closely related to those of Australia are common, and one in which the species are largely of Asian origin. He is best known for independently proposing a theory of natural selection which prompted Charles Darwin to publish his own theory. Wallace was one of the leading evolutio Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist. It continues to be both popular and highly regarded.Alfred Russel Wallace, OM, FRS was a British naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist and biologist. He wrote prolifically on both scientific and social issues his account of his adventures and observations during his explorations in Southeast Asia, The Malay Archipelago, was first published in 1869. He was one of the first prominent scientists to raise concerns over the environmental impact of human activity. His advocacy of spiritualism and his belief in a non-material origin for the higher mental faculties of humans strained his relationship with other scientists. Īside from scientific work, he was a social activist, critical of what he considered to be an unjust social and economic system in 19th-century Britain. He was one of the first scientists to write a serious exploration of whether there was life on Mars. Wallace's 1904 book Man's Place in the Universe was the first serious attempt by a biologist to evaluate the likelihood of life on other planets. Wallace was one of the leading evolutionary thinkers of the 19th century, working on warning coloration in animals and reinforcement (sometimes known as the Wallace effect), a way that natural selection could contribute to speciation by encouraging the development of barriers against hybridisation. He was considered the 19th century's leading expert on the geographical distribution of animal species, and is sometimes called the "father of biogeography", or more specifically of zoogeography. ![]() He then did fieldwork in the Malay Archipelago, where he identified the faunal divide now termed the Wallace Line, which separates the Indonesian archipelago into two distinct parts: a western portion in which the animals are largely of Asian origin, and an eastern portion where the fauna reflect Australasia. Wallace did extensive fieldwork, starting in the Amazon River basin. Gold Medal of the Société de Géographie (1870).
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